SLC39A14 Q15043

金属阳离子同向转运蛋白 ZIP14 (ZIP锌转运蛋白LIV-1亚家族成员4) (LZT-Hs4) (溶质载体家族39成员14) (Zrt和Irt样蛋白14) (ZIP-14)

功能描述

质膜的电中性转运蛋白，介导二价金属阳离子锌、锰和铁的细胞摄取，这些离子对组织稳态、代谢、发育和免疫至关重要 (PubMed:15642354, PubMed:27231142, PubMed:29621230)。作为能量依赖性同向转运蛋白发挥作用，通过膜转运由一个二价金属阳离子和两个碳酸氢根阴离子组成的电中性复合物 (By similarity)。除了这些内源性细胞底物外，还可以输入镉，这是一种非必需金属，具有细胞毒性和致癌性 (By similarity)。控制肠上皮对全身锌的细胞摄取，这反过来又是维持紧密连接和肠道通透性所必需的 (By similarity)。调节锌依赖性磷酸二酯酶的活性，从而间接调节对糖异生和软骨细胞分化重要的G蛋白偶联受体信号通路 (By similarity)。通过锌依赖性的胰岛素细胞内分解代谢，调节肝细胞中的胰岛素受体信号传导、葡萄糖摄取、糖原合成和糖异生 (PubMed:27703010)。通过锌的细胞摄取，也在细胞适应内质网应激中发挥作用 (By similarity)。作为肠上皮细胞基底侧膜的主要锰转运蛋白，它通过肠道锰摄取在锰全身稳态中发挥核心作用 (PubMed:31028174)。也参与血脑屏障细胞的锰细胞外摄取 (PubMed:31699897)。可能还在锰和锌稳态中发挥作用，通过肝胆排泄参与它们从血液中的清除 (By similarity)。也在游离铁的细胞外摄取中起作用。可能还在细胞内发挥作用，介导由转铁蛋白内吞的铁从内体到细胞质的转运 (PubMed:20682781)。通过调节活化巨噬细胞细胞因子的表达，在先天免疫中发挥作用 (PubMed:23052185)。 {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q75N73, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15642354, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20682781, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23052185, ECO:0000269|PubMed:27231142, ECO:0000269|PubMed:27703010, ECO:0000269|PubMed:29621230, ECO:0000269|PubMed:31028174, ECO:0000269|PubMed:31699897}.

组织特异性

Ubiquitously expressed, with higher expression in liver, pancreas, fetal liver, thyroid gland, left and right ventricle, right atrium and fetal heart (PubMed:15642354, PubMed:20682781, PubMed:7584044). Weakly expressed in spleen, thymus, and peripheral blood leukocytes (PubMed:7584044). Expressed in liver and in brain by large neurons in the globus pallidus, the insular cortex and the dentate nucleus and to a lower extent in the putamen and the caudate nucleus (at protein level) (PubMed:27231142). Expressed in osteoblasts and giant osteoclast-like cells, but not in osteocytes found osteoblastoma and giant cell tumors (at protein level) (PubMed:29621230). Expressed by microvascular capillary endothelial cells that constitute the blood-brain barrier (at protein level) (PubMed:31699897). Expressed by macrophages (PubMed:23052185).

亚细胞定位

Cell membrane