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REST Q13127

RE1沉默转录因子 (神经限制性沉默因子) (X2盒阻遏蛋白)

蛋白质信息 (UniProt)

RE1沉默转录因子 (神经限制性沉默因子) (X2盒阻遏蛋白)

Q13127

功能描述

转录抑制因子,结合神经元限制性沉默元件(NRSE)并在非神经元细胞中抑制神经元基因转录(PubMed:11741002, PubMed:11779185, PubMed:12399542, PubMed:26551668, PubMed:7697725, PubMed:7871435, PubMed:8568247)。通过结合两种不同的辅抑制因子SIN3A和RCOR1限制神经元基因的表达,这反过来招募组蛋白去乙酰化酶至REST调节基因的启动子(PubMed:10449787, PubMed:10734093)。通过在RE1/NRSE位点招募BHC复合物介导抑制,该复合物通过去乙酰化和去甲基化组蛋白上的特定位点发挥作用,从而充当染色质修饰因子(By similarity)。REST-CDYL通过招募组蛋白甲基转移酶EHMT2进行的转录抑制可能在转化抑制中起重要作用(PubMed:19061646)。在非神经细胞中抑制SRRM4的表达,以防止神经特异性剪接事件的激活并防止REST isoform 3的产生(By similarity)。抑制活性可能通过与isoform 3形成异源二聚体而被抑制,从而阻止与NRSE的结合或与辅抑制因子的结合,导致靶基因的去抑制(PubMed:11779185)。还在神经干细胞中维持神经元基因的抑制,并通过从靶基因的RE1/NRSE位点解离允许转录并分化为神经元(By similarity)。因此参与维持成年神经干细胞的静息状态并防止过早分化为成熟神经元(PubMed:21258371)。在出生后发育过程中,通过抑制GRIN2B表达,从而改变NMDA受体特性从主要包含GRIN2B亚基变为主要包含GRIN2A亚基,在突触NMDA受体组成的发育转换中发挥作用(By similarity)。作为成骨细胞分化的调节因子(By similarity)。缺氧条件下基因表达的关键抑制因子;通过直接结合其启动子区域的RE1/NRSE位点在缺氧中抑制基因(PubMed:27531581)。可能还在大脑衰老过程中在应激抵抗中发挥作用;可能通过调节参与细胞死亡和应激反应的基因表达(PubMed:24670762)。缺血后海马中基因表达的抑制因子,通过直接结合RE1/NRSE位点并招募SIN3A和RCOR1至靶基因启动子,从而促进染色质修饰的变化和缺血诱导的细胞死亡(By similarity)。缺血后,可能在海马神经元中抑制miR-132的表达,从而导致神经元细胞死亡(By similarity)。在乳腺癌细胞系中负调节SRRM3的表达(PubMed:26053433)。 {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O54963, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8VIG1, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10449787, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10734093, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11741002, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11779185, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12399542, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19061646, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21258371, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24670762, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26053433, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26551668, ECO:0000269|PubMed:27531581, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7697725, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7871435, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8568247}.; FUNCTION: [Isoform 3]: 结合神经元限制性沉默元件(NRSE)的3'区域,亲和力低于全长REST isoform 1(By similarity)。与isoform 1相比表现出较弱的抑制活性(PubMed:11779185)。可能通过结合isoform 1负调节isoform 1的抑制活性,从而阻止其与NRSE的结合并导致靶基因的去抑制(PubMed:11779185)。然而,在另一项研究中,似乎不涉及含NRSE基序报告构建体的抑制活性,也不涉及对isoform 1转录抑制活性的抑制活性(PubMed:11741002)。在内耳机械感觉毛细胞中,通过SRRM4依赖性选择性剪接成isoform 3导致的REST转录后失活,对于神经元基因的去抑制和听觉是必需的(By similarity)。 {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8VIG1, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11741002, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11779185}.

组织特异性

Expressed in neurons of the prefrontal cortex, in hippocampal pyramidal neurons, dentate gyrus granule neurons and cerebellar Purkinje and granule neurons (at protein level) (PubMed:24670762). Expressed in dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra (at protein level) (PubMed:30684677). Expressed in neural progenitor cells (at protein level) (PubMed:21258371). In patients suffering from Alzheimer disease, frontotemporal dementia or dementia with Lewy bodies, decreased nuclear levels have been observed in neurons of the prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus, but not in neurons of the dentate gyrus and cerebellum (at protein level) (PubMed:24670762). In patients with Parkinson disease or dementia with Lewy bodies, decreased nuclear levels have been observed in dopaminergic neurons and in cortical neurons and localization to Lewy bodies and pale bodies was detected (at protein level) (PubMed:30684677). Expressed at higher levels in weakly invasive breast cancer cell lines and at lower levels in highly invasive breast cancer lines (at protein level) (PubMed:26053433). Ubiquitous (PubMed:8568247). Expressed at higher levels in the tissues of the lymphocytic compartment, including spleen, thymus, peripheral blood lymphocytes and ovary (PubMed:8568247).

亚细胞定位

Nucleus

关键词

3D-structure Alternative splicing Cytoplasm Deafness Disease variant Metal-binding Non-syndromic deafness Nucleus Phosphoprotein Proteomics identification