GPBAR1 Q8TDU6

G蛋白偶联胆汁酸受体1 (G蛋白偶联受体 GPCR19) (hGPCR19) (膜型胆汁酸受体) (M-BAR) (hBG37) (BG37)

功能描述

胆汁酸的G protein-coupled receptor (PubMed:12419312, PubMed:12524422, PubMed:32698187, PubMed:32747649, PubMed:35858343)。胆汁酸结合引起构象变化，通过鸟苷酸结合蛋白（G proteins）触发信号传导，并调节下游效应器的活性，例如腺苷酸环化酶 (PubMed:12419312, PubMed:12524422, PubMed:32698187, PubMed:32747649, PubMed:35858343)。GPBAR1与G(s) G proteins偶联并介导腺苷酸环化酶活性的激活 (PubMed:12419312, PubMed:12524422, PubMed:32698187, PubMed:32747649, PubMed:35858343)。被胆汁酸激活，如石胆酸、脱氧胆酸、鹅脱氧胆酸和胆酸，活性依次降低 (PubMed:12524422, PubMed:32698187)。除了在膳食脂质吸收和胆固醇分解代谢中的作用外，胆汁酸还作为一种重要的信号分子，参与诸如能量消耗或组织炎症等过程 (PubMed:26541439)。GPBAR1介导的信号传导通过激活腺苷酸环化酶促进棕色脂肪组织中的能量消耗和减少肥胖，导致DIO2激活 (By similarity)。参与胆汁酸促进的GLP-1分泌 (By similarity)。 {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q80SS6, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12419312, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12524422, ECO:0000269|PubMed:32698187, ECO:0000269|PubMed:32747649, ECO:0000269|PubMed:35858343, ECO:0000303|PubMed:26541439}。

组织特异性

Ubiquitously expressed. Expressed at higher level in spleen and placenta. Expressed at lower level in other tissues. In digestive tissues, it is expressed in stomach, duodenum, ileocecum, ileum, jejunum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, cecum and liver, but not in esophagus and rectum.

亚细胞定位

Cell membrane