ENPP2 Q13822

自分泌运动因子 (EC 3.1.4.39) (EC 3.1.4.4) (外核苷酸焦磷酸酶/磷酸二酯酶家族成员2) (E-NPP 2) (胞外溶血磷脂酶D) (LysoPLD)

功能描述

分泌型溶血磷脂酶D，在细胞外液中水解溶血磷脂产生信号分子溶血磷脂酸 (LPA) (PubMed:12354767, PubMed:14500380, PubMed:15769751, PubMed:26371182, PubMed:27754931)。其主要底物是溶血磷脂酰胆碱 (PubMed:12176993, PubMed:14500380, PubMed:27754931)。也能作用于鞘氨醇磷酸胆碱产生鞘氨醇-1-磷酸，这是一种细胞运动的调节因子 (PubMed:14500380)。在体外能水解 bis-pNPP，在一定程度上水解 pNP-TMP，几乎不能水解 ATP (PubMed:12176993, PubMed:15769751)。参与多种运动相关过程，如血管生成和神经突起生长。作为血管生成因子，通过刺激平滑肌细胞迁移和微管形成发挥作用 (PubMed:11559573)。刺激黑色素瘤细胞的迁移，可能通过百日咳毒素敏感的G蛋白介导 (PubMed:1733949)。可能在分娩诱导中起作用 (PubMed:12176993)。可能参与细胞增殖和脂肪组织发育 (Probable)。活化血小板中LPA产生所必需的，裂解sn-1溶血磷脂生成主要含有18:2和20:4脂肪酸的sn-1溶血磷脂酸 (PubMed:21393252)。对1-O-烷基-sn-甘油-3-磷酸胆碱 (lyso-PAF) 的sn-1异构体表现出优于sn-2异构体的偏好 (PubMed:21393252)。 {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11559573, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12176993, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12354767, ECO:0000269|PubMed:14500380, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15769751, ECO:0000269|PubMed:1733949, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21240271, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21393252, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26371182, ECO:0000269|PubMed:27754931, ECO:0000305|PubMed:15700135}。

组织特异性

Detected in blood plasma (at protein level) (PubMed:12176993, PubMed:26371182). Predominantly expressed in brain, placenta, ovary, and small intestine. Expressed in a number of carcinomas such as hepatocellular and prostate carcinoma, neuroblastoma and non-small-cell lung cancer. Expressed in body fluids such as plasma, cerebral spinal fluid (CSF), saliva, follicular and amniotic fluids. Not detected in leukocytes. Isoform 1 is more highly expressed in peripheral tissues than in the central nervous system (CNS). Adipocytes only express isoform 1. Isoform 3 is more highly expressed in the brain than in peripheral tissues.

亚细胞定位

Secreted