胆固醇24-羟化酶 (CH24H) (EC 1.14.14.25) (胆固醇24-单加氧酶) (胆固醇24S-羟化酶) (细胞色素P450 46A1)
胆固醇24-羟化酶 (CH24H) (EC 1.14.14.25) (胆固醇24-单加氧酶) (胆固醇24S-羟化酶) (细胞色素P450 46A1)
Q9Y6A2功能描述
P450单加氧酶，在大脑胆固醇稳态中起主要作用。主要催化胆固醇侧链C-24位的羟基化（S构型），触发胆固醇从神经元扩散及其进一步降解(PubMed:10377398, PubMed:14640697, PubMed:18621681, PubMed:25017465)。通过促进神经元中持续的胆固醇清除，可能激活甲羟戊酸途径并协调参与突触活动和学习的新的胆固醇和非固醇类异戊二烯的合成(By similarity)。进一步羟基化这些分子的环和侧链上的胆固醇衍生物和激素类固醇，将其转化为参与脂质信号传导和生物合成的活性氧固醇(PubMed:12077124, PubMed:14640697, PubMed:28190002)。作为环氧化物酶，将cholesta-5,24-dien-3beta-ol/desmosterol转化为(24S),25-epoxycholesterol，这是一种核NR1H2和NR1H3受体的丰富脂质配体，显示可促进发育中大脑的神经发生(PubMed:25017465)。也可能催化外源物质的氧化代谢，例如克霉唑(PubMed:20667828)。 {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9WVK8, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10377398, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12077124, ECO:0000269|PubMed:14640697, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18621681, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20667828, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25017465, ECO:0000269|PubMed:28190002}.
组织特异性
Expressed in brain. The mRNA was broadly distributed with higher levels in gray matter zones and lower levels in regions rich in white matter. Not detected in fetal sample but its expression increases linearly with age.
亚细胞定位
Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
关键词