CYP26A1 O43174

细胞色素P450 26A1 (CYP26A1) (EC 1.14.13.-) (细胞色素P450视黄酸失活酶1) (Cytochrome P450RAI) (hP450RAI) (视黄酸4-羟化酶) (视黄酸代谢细胞色素)

功能描述

一种细胞色素P450单加氧酶，参与视黄酸（RAs）的代谢，视黄酸是维生素A的活性代谢产物，也是动物体内关键的信号分子 (PubMed:22020119, PubMed:9228017, PubMed:9716180)。RAs至少以四种不同的异构体形式存在：全反式视黄酸 (atRA)、9-顺式视黄酸、13-顺式视黄酸和9,13-双顺式视黄酸，其中atRA被认为是具有生物活性的异构体，尽管9-顺式视黄酸和13-顺式视黄酸也具有活性 (Probable)。主要在C-4和C-18位催化atRA的羟基化，从而有助于调节atRA的稳态和信号传导 (PubMed:22020119, PubMed:9228017, PubMed:9716180)。atRA的羟基化限制了其生物活性，并启动降解过程导致其最终消除 (Probable)。参与将atRA转化为全反式-4-氧代-视黄酸。能够代谢其他RAs，如9-顺式、13-顺式和9,13-双顺式视黄酸 (By similarity) (PubMed:9228017)。可以将全反式-13,14-二氢视黄酸 (DRA) 氧化为代谢产物，其中包括全反式-4-氧代-DRA、全反式-4-羟基-DRA、全反式-5,8-环氧-DRA和全反式-18-羟基-DRA (By similarity)。可能在异源物质（如他扎罗汀酸）的氧化代谢中发挥作用 (PubMed:26937021)。 {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O55127, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22020119, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26937021, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9228017, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9716180, ECO:0000305|PubMed:22020119, ECO:0000305|PubMed:9228017}。

组织特异性

Expressed in most fetal and adult tissues with highest levels in adult liver, heart, pituitary gland, adrenal gland, placenta and regions of the brain (PubMed:9826557). Expressed at high levels in lung, pancreas, skin and uterus (at protein level) (PubMed:22020119). Lower expression level is detected in spleen, kidney, intestine and adipose tissue (at protein level) (PubMed:22020119).

亚细胞定位

Endoplasmic reticulum membrane