Piwi样蛋白1 (EC 3.1.26.-)
Piwi样蛋白1 (EC 3.1.26.-)
Q96J94功能描述
核酸内切酶,通过抑制转座元件并防止其移动,在出生后生殖细胞中发挥核心作用,这对种系完整性至关重要。通过piRNA代谢过程发挥作用,该过程通过形成由piRNAs和Piwi蛋白组成的复合物,介导减数分裂期间转座元件的抑制,并调控转座子的甲基化及随后的抑制。直接结合甲基化piRNAs,这是一类由不依赖Dicer的机制产生的24至30个核苷酸的RNAs,主要来源于转座子和其他重复序列元件。强烈偏好其引导链第一位为尿苷(g1U偏好,也称为1U偏向)。不参与piRNA扩增循环,也称为ping-pong扩增循环。作为核酸内切酶切割转座子信使RNAs。除了抑制转座元件的功能外,piRNAs可能还参与减数分裂期间的其他过程,如翻译调控。可能是某些RISC复合物的组分,该复合物介导RNA切割和翻译沉默。还在染色质小体形成中发挥作用,并为某些miRNAs的稳定性所必需。需要在精子发生晚期前将RNF8隔离在细胞质中;RNF8在PIWIL1泛素化和降解后被释放。 {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9JMB7}.; FUNCTION: [Isoform 3]: 可能是负向发育调节因子 (PubMed:12037681, PubMed:16287078). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12037681, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16287078}.
组织特异性
Expressed in spermatocytes and spermatids. Also detected in prostate cancer (at protein level). Detected in most fetal and adult tissues. Expressed in testes, specifically in germline cells; detected in spermatocytes and spermatids during spermatogenesis. Increased expression in testicular tumors originating from embryonic germ cells with retention of germ cells phenotype. No expression in testicular tumors of somatic origin, such as Sertoli cell and Leydig cell tumors. Overexpressed in gastric cancer cells. Isoform 3: Ubiquitously expressed, and specifically in CD34(+) hematopoietic progenitor cells but not in more differentiated cells.
亚细胞定位
Cytoplasm
关键词