INHA P05111

抑制素α链

功能描述

抑制素和激活素分别抑制和激活垂体分泌促滤泡激素。抑制素/激活素参与调节多种不同的功能，如下丘脑和垂体激素分泌、性腺激素分泌、生殖细胞发育和成熟、红细胞分化、胰岛素分泌、神经细胞存活、胚胎轴向发育或骨骼生长，具体取决于其亚基组成。抑制素似乎拮抗激活素的功能。; FUNCTION: 抑制素A是alpha/INHA和beta-A/INHBA的二聚体，在下丘脑-垂体-性腺(HPG)轴中作为反馈调节因子发挥作用。通过作用于垂体促性腺激素细胞，抑制垂体前叶分泌FSH。通过结合蛋白聚糖betaglycan并形成稳定复合物，从而隔离II型激活素受体同时排除I型受体，以此拮抗激活素A。 {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P08476}.; FUNCTION: 抑制素B是alpha和beta-B的二聚体，通过抑制垂体前叶分泌促滤泡激素(FSH)，在生殖系统调节中发挥关键作用。从而维持雄性和雌性的生殖稳态。作为比抑制素A更有效的FSH释放抑制剂（通过相似性推测）。作为竞争性受体拮抗剂，在TGF-beta III型辅助受体/TGFBR3L存在下，以高亲和力结合激活素II型受体 (PubMed:34910520)。 {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P17490, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11786387, ECO:0000269|PubMed:34910520}.

组织特异性

Originally found in ovary (granulosa cells) and testis (Sertoli cells), but widely distributed in many tissues including brain and placenta. In adrenal cortex expression is limited to the zona reticularis and the innermost zona fasciculata in the normal gland, extending centripetally into the zona fasciculata in hyperplasia. Also found in adrenocortical tumors. Also expressed in prostate epithelium of benign prostatic hyperplasia, in regions of basal cell hyperplasia and in nonmalignant regions of high grade prostate cancer. Only circulating inhibin B is found in male, whereas circulating inhibins A and B are found in female.

亚细胞定位

Secreted