白细胞介素-15 (IL-15)
白细胞介素-15 (IL-15)
P40933功能描述
细胞因子,通过调节先天免疫和适应性免疫系统的免疫细胞,在针对微生物入侵者和寄生虫的炎症及保护性免疫反应发育中发挥主要作用 (PubMed:15123770)。刺激自然杀伤细胞、T细胞和B细胞的增殖,并促进多种细胞因子的分泌 (PubMed:8178155, PubMed:9326248)。在单核细胞中,诱导IL8和单核细胞趋化蛋白1/CCL2的产生,这两种趋化因子分别吸引中性粒细胞和单核细胞到达感染部位 (PubMed:9326248)。与大多数以可溶形式分泌的细胞因子不同,IL15与其高亲和力IL15RA结合表达在产生IL15的细胞表面,并向表达IL2RB和IL2RG受体亚基的靶细胞传递信号 (PubMed:10233906, PubMed:23104097, PubMed:8026467)。与其受体结合触发JAK1和JAK3的磷酸化,以及信号转导和转录激活因子-3/STAT3和STAT5的募集及随后的磷酸化 (PubMed:7568001)。在肥大细胞中,诱导STAT6的快速酪氨酸磷酸化,从而控制肥大细胞的存活和细胞因子(如IL4)的释放 (By similarity)。 {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P48346, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10233906, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15123770, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23104097, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7568001, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8026467, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8178155, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9326248}。
组织特异性
Most abundant in placenta and skeletal muscle. It is also detected in the heart, lung, liver and kidney. IL15-S21AA is preferentially expressed in tissues such as testis and thymus.
亚细胞定位
[Isoform IL15-S48AA]: Secreted.; SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Isoform IL15-S21AA]: Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Note=IL15-S21AA is not secreted, but rather is stored intracellularly, appearing in the nucleus and cytoplasmic components.
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