DEFA5 Q01523

防御素α5 (防御素-5) (HD5(20-94)) [裂解为：HD5(23-94); HD5(29-94); HD5(56-94); HD5(63-94)]

功能描述

宿主防御肽，维持泌尿生殖系统的无菌状态 (PubMed:12021776, PubMed:12660734, PubMed:15616305, PubMed:19589339, PubMed:22359618, PubMed:22573326, PubMed:25354318, PubMed:25782105, PubMed:30808760)。对广泛的细菌具有抗菌活性，包括革兰氏阴性菌 E.coli、P.aeruginosa 和 S.typhimurium，以及革兰氏阳性菌 E.aerogenes、S.aureus、B.cereus、E.faecium 和 L.monocytogenes (PubMed:12021776, PubMed:15616305, PubMed:19589339, PubMed:22359618, PubMed:22573326, PubMed:25354318, PubMed:30808760)。赋予对 S.typhimurium 肠道感染的抵抗力 (PubMed:12660734)。对肠道共生菌表现出抗菌活性，例如 B.adolescentis、L.acidophilus、B.breve、L.fermentum、B.longum 和 S.thermophilus (PubMed:25354318)。结合细菌膜并导致膜解体 (PubMed:25782105)。诱导肠上皮细胞分泌趋化因子 IL-8 (PubMed:19589339)。结合 B.antracis lef/致死因子（来自 B.anthracis 的主要毒力因子），并中和其酶活性 (PubMed:22573326)。 {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12021776, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12660734, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15616305, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19589339, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22359618, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22573326, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25354318, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25782105, ECO:0000269|PubMed:30808760}.; FUNCTION: (Microbial infection) 作为 S.flexneri 感染的靶点，通过结合细菌（可能通过细菌表面蛋白），从而通过增强细菌对上皮细胞和组织的粘附和侵袭来增加感染性。 {ECO:0000269|PubMed:29858013}.

组织特异性

Expressed in the gastrointestinal, reproductive, and urinary tracts (at protein level) (PubMed:12021776, PubMed:1429669, PubMed:22359618, PubMed:9588893). Expressed in Paneth cells of the small intestine (at protein level) (PubMed:12021776, PubMed:1429669). Expressed throughout the urothelium of the lower urinary tract and in the collecting tubules of the kidney (at protein level) (PubMed:22359618). Expressed in stratified squamous epithelial cells of the female genital tract epithelia, such as in vagina, ectocervix, endocervix, endometrium, and fallopian tube (at protein level) (PubMed:9588893). Endometrial expression correlates with stages of the menstrual cycle: Expression is low during the early proliferative phase, increased during the mid- to late proliferative phase, peaks during the early secretory phase of the cycle, and decreases during the mid- to late secretory phase (PubMed:9588893).

亚细胞定位

Secreted