DAO P14920

D-氨基酸氧化酶 (DAAO) (DAMOX) (DAO) (EC 1.4.3.3)

功能描述

催化D-氨基酸的氧化脱氨反应，具有广泛的底物特异性 (PubMed:16616139, PubMed:17088322, PubMed:17303072, PubMed:18544534, PubMed:20368421, PubMed:20567862, PubMed:20603179, PubMed:22203986, PubMed:23219954, PubMed:23391306, PubMed:25030849, PubMed:25701391, PubMed:29274788, PubMed:29326945, PubMed:30938755, PubMed:31799256, PubMed:32730563, PubMed:33484270, PubMed:34041270, PubMed:37558109, PubMed:38035964)。参与分解代谢内源性合成的、胃肠道细菌来源的或从饮食中获取的D-氨基酸，并将其作为营养物质利用 (By similarity)。调节大脑中D-氨基酸神经递质的水平，例如N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸 (NMDA) 受体的共激动剂D-丝氨酸，并可能调节突触传递 (PubMed:17303072)。催化D-DOPA消旋化为L-DOPA的第一步，以便在替代多巴胺生物合成途径中使用 (PubMed:17303072)。还催化N(gamma)-硝基-D-精氨酸甲酯 (D-NNA) 手性反转为其L-对映体L-NNA的第一步，后者作为一氧化氮合酶抑制剂 (By similarity)。反应中产生的过氧化氢提供针对微生物感染的保护作用；它有助于吞噬白细胞的氧化杀伤活性，并防止细菌在小肠定植 (By similarity)。分泌到肠腔中的Enzyme可能不具有催化活性，而是被蛋白水解切割成具有抗菌活性的肽段 (By similarity)。反应中产生的过氧化氢也可能在响应DNA损伤促进细胞衰老方面发挥作用 (PubMed:30659069)。可能作为一种解毒剂，清除衰老过程中积累的D-氨基酸 (PubMed:17303072)。 {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P18894, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16616139, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17088322, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17303072, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18544534, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20368421, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20567862, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20603179, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22203986, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23219954, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23391306, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25030849, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25701391, ECO:0000269|PubMed:29274788, ECO:0000269|PubMed:29326945, ECO:0000269|PubMed:30659069, ECO:0000269|PubMed:30938755, ECO:0000269|PubMed:31799256, ECO:0000269|PubMed:32730563, ECO:0000269|PubMed:33484270, ECO:0000269|PubMed:34041270, ECO:0000269|PubMed:37558109, ECO:0000269|PubMed:38035964}.

组织特异性

Expressed in the cerebellum, in astrocytes of the cortex, in motor neurons and fibers of the lumbar spinal cord (at protein level) (PubMed:17880399, PubMed:18544534, PubMed:18560437, PubMed:24138986, PubMed:34041270). Expressed in goblet cells of the small intestine (at protein level) (PubMed:27670111). Increased in the cerebellum of schizophrenic patients (at protein level) (PubMed:17880399, PubMed:18560437). Decreased in motor neurons of the spinal cord of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (at protein level) (PubMed:24138986). Expressed in the cerebellum, spinal cord, kidney, and thalamus (PubMed:17880399). Abundant in glia of the cerebellum and predominantly neuronal in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, hippocampus and substantia nigra (PubMed:17880399).

亚细胞定位

Peroxisome matrix